Journal of Teaching Innovation and Reform

Authors Guidelines

Submission Preparation Checklist

Manuscripts should be uploaded via the Open Journal System (OJS).

Authors must ensure that their submission fulfills all of the following requirements before submitting their manuscript:

 

Authors’ Guideline

Journal of Teaching Innovation and Reform offers an efficient online submission and tracking platform to streamline the process for authors. Before submission, authors are advised to prepare their manuscripts in full compliance with the guidelines below to help ensure a swift review and publication process.

  1. General Requirements

Authors submitting manuscripts to the Journal of Teaching Innovation and Reform must confirm that their work is original, has not appeared elsewhere, and is not simultaneously being considered by another publication. All submissions must follow the journal’s ethical standards, authorship requirements, and publication policies.

Avoid sending low-resolution files, oversized graphics, or files compressed with formats such as ZipIt or StuffIt. Large image files can hinder online submission. When possible, convert them to JPEG at the highest resolution available.

All claims, observations, and statements must be supported by proper citations.

The journal welcomes original research articles, review papers, and other scholarly contributions that fit within its scope and contribute meaningfully to the advancement of knowledge.

  1. Authorship

Authorship should only be assigned to individuals who have made significant intellectual contributions to the research, including involvement in the study concept, design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, or manuscript development.

For manuscripts with multiple authors, one author must be identified as the corresponding author. The corresponding author will act as the primary contact with the journal and is responsible for ensuring that all co-authors have reviewed and approved the manuscript before submission.

Individuals who contributed to the research but do not meet authorship criteria should be appropriately recognized in the Acknowledgements section.

 

  1. Publication Ethics

a-  Originality and Plagiarism

Submitted manuscripts must contain original content and appropriately acknowledge all sources of information. Any form of plagiarism, duplicate publication, data manipulation, fabrication, falsification, or other unethical research practices is strictly unacceptable.

b-  Conflict of Interest

Following the guidelines provided by COPE, all authors are required to disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest that may influence the research process, evaluation, or publication of the manuscript.

A statement regarding conflicts of interest must be included under the heading “Conflict of Interest”.

If no conflict exists, authors should include the following statement:

“The authors declare no conflict of interest regarding the research, authorship, and publication of this article.”

c-  Ethical Approval

Studies involving human participants, animals, or sensitive data must comply with recognized ethical standards. Where applicable, authors must provide information regarding ethical approval, institutional review board approval, and informed consent procedures.

d-   Funding

Authors must clearly disclose all sources of financial support received for the research. The funding statement should include the name of the funding organization and the relevant grant or award number where applicable.

Example: “This work was financially supported by [name of funding agency] (Grant number XXX).”

 

  1. Manuscript Preparation

Language

Manuscripts must be written in clear, accurate, and academically appropriate English.

File Format

All manuscripts should be submitted in Microsoft Word format (.doc or .docx) or LaTeX.

Length

The length of the manuscript should be suitable for the nature, objectives, and scope of the study.

Structure of Research Articles

Research articles should generally follow the structure given below:

Title

The title should be brief, specific, informative, and accurately represent the focus and contribution of the manuscript and contain no more than 130 characters.

Abstract

The abstract should provide a concise overview of the study objectives, methodology, major findings, and conclusions. It should normally contain approximately 250–300 words and clearly demonstrate the importance and originality of the research. The abstract should be written as a single paragraph without subheadings.

Keywords

Authors should provide 6–8 relevant keywords that represent the main concepts of the study and improve the visibility and indexing of the article.

Introduction

The Introduction should provide a clear background of the research area, identify the research problem, explain the significance of the study, and present the objectives or research questions.

Any abbreviations used in the manuscript should be defined at their first occurrence. Alternatively, authors may provide a complete list of abbreviations after the main text. Use SI units throughout the length of article; if non-standard units are used, provide conversions. Define any unusual symbols and list them in an appendix if extensive.

Review articles should begin with an overview of the relevant field, followed by a critical analysis of important previous and recent studies. Authors may organize the review using appropriate subheadings to address different aspects of the topic. Review manuscripts should not merely summarize existing literature but should provide critical evaluation, interpretation, and original insights into current developments.

Materials and Methods

The Materials and Methods section should provide a comprehensive description of the research design, procedures, materials, tools, and analytical approaches used in the study. Authors should provide sufficient methodological details to enable readers to understand, evaluate, and reproduce the research.

The methodology should be presented clearly and should directly support the objectives and outcomes of the study. This section should include information regarding data sources, sampling procedures, experimental design, instruments, software, analytical techniques, and statistical methods, where applicable.

Any previously established methods should be appropriately referenced, while modifications to existing methods should be clearly explained.

If research materials, resources, or activities received financial support from an organization, this information should be disclosed in this section.

For studies involving human participants, authors must confirm that informed consent was obtained and provide relevant ethical approval details where required. If approval was obtained from an institutional, local, regional, or national ethics committee or review board, the approval statement should be included in this section.

Results

The Results section should present the main findings of the research in a clear and logical manner.

Key observations and outcomes should be reported first, followed by supporting tables, figures, and relevant statistical information where applicable.

Authors should avoid repeating the same information in both text and tables or figures. The presentation of results should remain focused, precise, and directly related to the research objectives.

Discussion

The Discussion section should explain and interpret the significance of the findings in relation to existing knowledge and the objectives of the study.

Authors should provide critical analysis of the results and explain their implications without excessive repetition of previously published literature.

The limitations of the study should be clearly acknowledged either at the end of this section or under a separate heading.

The Results and Discussion sections may be presented separately or combined into a single section with appropriate and informative subheadings.

Conclusion

The Conclusion section should briefly summarize the major findings, highlight the contribution of the study, and indicate possible directions for future research.

It should provide a clear closing statement reflecting the overall outcomes of the manuscript.

Authors’ Contributions

Authors must include a statement describing the individual contributions of each author to the research and manuscript preparation.

Contributions may include:

Acknowledgements (if any)

Authors may acknowledge individuals, organizations, institutions, or other contributors who supported the research but do not qualify for authorship.

The journal encourages authors to provide appropriate recognition of such contributions in the Acknowledgements section.

References

References must be complete, accurate, and consistently formatted following the Vancouver style for citations. These must be numbered sequentially in the order they appear in the text. Every reference cited in the manuscript must appear in the reference list, and every listed reference must be cited within the text.

Use correct journal abbreviations (Index Medicus/MEDLINE).

For three authors or fewer: list all; for more than three, list the first three followed by et al. (in italics).

Authors should prioritize relevant and original sources and avoid unnecessary self-citation. Self-citations should not exceed 10% of the total references unless scientifically justified.

Appendices (if applicable)

Appendices may be included when additional information is essential for understanding, evaluating, or reproducing the study but is too detailed or lengthy to be included in the main manuscript.

Examples of suitable appendix materials include:

Appendices should appear after the references and should be clearly labeled (e.g., Appendix A, Appendix B).

Supplementary Material (if applicable)

Supplementary materials include additional information that enhances the manuscript but is not necessary for understanding the main findings. These may include:

Supplementary files should be submitted separately and referenced appropriately within the manuscript (for example, Supplementary Table S1).

Supplementary materials will be made available online along with the published article.

  1. Headings and Numbering

Authors should use clear and logically organized headings and subheadings throughout the manuscript.

A maximum of three levels of heading numbering may be used, for example:

1.

1.1.

1.1.1.

  1. Figures and Tables

Figures and tables must be of high quality, clearly presented, accompanied by captions or legends, and cited in numerical order within the manuscript at the relevant points.

They may either be embedded within the manuscript text or submitted as separate files. In cases where figures and tables are submitted separately, authors must clearly indicate their intended placement within the manuscript.

Figures

Tables

 

Open Access and Article Processing Charges (APC):

The Journal is committed to the widest possible dissemination of scholarly research through its Open Access publishing model, ensuring that all published articles are freely and permanently accessible to readers worldwide without subscription or access barriers. This approach enhances the visibility, accessibility, and impact of authors' work, enabling researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and the public to benefit from the published research.

To encourage submissions and support equitable access to publishing opportunities, no submission fee is charged. Authors may submit their manuscripts for editorial assessment and peer review without any financial obligation.

An Article Processing Charge (APC) of GBP 200 is payable only after a manuscript has successfully completed peer review and has been formally accepted for publication. The APC contributes to the costs associated with editorial management, peer-review administration, manuscript production, copyediting, typesetting, online hosting, digital archiving, and long-term preservation of published content.

Payment may be made via Debit/Credit Card or Bank Transfer. For payments made by bank transfer, the total amount payable is GBP 220, inclusive of applicable bank transaction charges.

The Journal maintains complete editorial independence, and payment of the APC has no influence on editorial decisions. All submissions are evaluated solely on their academic merit, originality, quality, and relevance to the journal's scope.